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Categories: Birth Defects, Crohn's Disease

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Birth Defects Pregnancy and Childbirth
Published

Human embryo-like models created from stem cells to understand earliest stages of human development      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Scientists have created a stem cell-derived model of the human embryo in the lab by reprogramming human stem cells. The breakthrough could help research into genetic disorders and in understanding why and how pregnancies fail.

Crohn's Disease Women's Health - General
Published

Helping 'good' gut bacteria and clearing out the 'bad' -- all in one treatment      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Probiotics can help maintain a healthy gut microbiome or restore populations of 'good bacteria' after a heavy course of antibiotics. But now, they could also be used as an effective treatment strategy for certain intestinal diseases, such as Crohn's disease. Researchers have developed a microgel delivery system for probiotics that keeps 'good' bacteria safe while actively clearing out 'bad' ones. In mice, the system treated intestinal inflammation without side effects.

Birth Defects Chronic Illness
Published

What role does alternative splicing play in neurodegenerative disease?      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Scientists have written a review to discuss emerging research and evidence of the roles of alternative splicing defects in major neurodegenerative diseases. They also summarize the latest advances in RNA-based therapeutic strategies to target these disorders.

Chronic Illness Crohn's Disease Mental Health Research Psychology Research Stress
Published

New research identifies cells linking chronic psychological stress to inflammatory bowel disease      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

For the first time, cells involved with the communication between stress responses in the brain and inflammation in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract have been identified in animal models. Glial cells, which support neurons, communicate stress signals from the central nervous system (CNS) to the semi-autonomous nervous system within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, called the enteric nervous system (ENS). These psychological stress signals can cause inflammation and exacerbate symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Birth Defects Chronic Illness Healthy Aging Psychology Research
Published

Poorly insulated nerve cells promote Alzheimer's disease in old age      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Researchers have shown that defective myelin actively promotes disease-related changes in Alzheimer's disease.

Birth Defects Children's Health Today's Healthcare
Published

Open-analysis platform for pediatric brain tumors provides robust data resource for childhood cancer research      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Researchers have partnered to create a first-of-its-kind open-source, reproducible analysis platform for pediatric brain tumors. With the help of thousands of genomically sequenced samples, researchers have used this platform to identify initial findings about genetic variants associated with poorer outcomes that could help guide future diagnostic and therapeutic advances.

Birth Defects
Published

Scientists unveil RNA-guided mechanisms driving cell fate      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

The early stages of embryonic development contain many of life's mysteries. Unlocking these mysteries can help us better understand early development and birth defects, and help develop new regenerative medicine treatments. Researchers have now characterized a critical time in mammalian embryonic development using powerful and innovative imaging techniques.

Birth Defects Children's Health Healthy Aging Psychology Research
Published

Understanding the speed of brain communication      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Called the human connectome, this structural system of neural pathways develops as people age. A new study shows transmission speed among brain regions increases into early adulthood. Learning more about neuron transmission may improve the understanding of psychological disorders.

Birth Defects Dietary Supplements and Minerals Nutrition Psychology Research Schizophrenia
Published

A special omega-3 fatty acid lipid will change how we look at the developing and aging brain      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Scientists have found a lipid transporter crucial to regulating the cells that make myelin, the nerve-protecting sheath.

Birth Defects
Published

Gene responsible for severe facial defects identified      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Goldenhar syndrome is a rare congenital disease, affecting early fetal development. This syndrome includes malformations of varying severity, affecting different parts of the face. Its causes and modes of transmission are still poorly understood. An international collaboration has discovered that pathogenic variants of the FOXI3 gene -- responsible for the development of the ear -- cause one form of this developmental disorder. The scientists were also able to identify the modes of transmission of the disease when this particular gene is involved.

Birth Defects Child Development Children's Health Chronic Illness Depression Mental Health Research Psychology Research
Published

Problems with 'pruning' brain connections linked to adolescent mental health disorders      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Problems with the brain's ability to 'prune' itself of unnecessary connections may underlie a wide range of mental health disorders that begin during adolescence, according to research published today. The findings may help explain why people are often affected by more than one mental health disorder, and may in future help identify those at greatest risk.

Birth Defects Chronic Illness Neuropathy
Published

How alcohol consumption contributes to chronic pain      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

A team showed how both alcohol intake and alcohol withdrawal can lead to increased pain and hypersensitivity.

Birth Defects Psychology Research
Published

A gene involved in Down syndrome puts the brakes on neurons' activity in mice      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Researchers have found that an extra copy of a gene in Down syndrome patients causes improper development of neurons in mice.

Birth Defects Child Development Infant's Health Pregnancy and Childbirth Stress
Published

Impact of maternal stress during pregnancy on child's health      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

New research examines the impact that maternal stress during pregnancy has on the neuro-development of babies.

Crohn's Disease
Published

Study gives insight into cause of severe inflammatory bowel disease      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Investigators have identified a genetic variant that increases people's risk of developing perianal Crohn's disease, the most debilitating manifestation of Crohn's disease. The variant generates changes to DNA that lead to a loss of protein function, which in turn, alters how the body recognizes and handles bacteria, making it less effective at fighting infections.

Birth Defects Child Development Infant's Health Pregnancy and Childbirth Psychology Research
Published

Drinking alcohol while breastfeeding impacts health of newborns      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

What are the consequences of mothers consuming alcohol while breastfeeding? A research team at the University of California, Riverside, performed a mouse study to find out.

Birth Defects Child Development Children's Health Chronic Illness Infant and Preschool Learning Infant's Health Mental Health Research Parenting Pregnancy and Childbirth
Published

Early signs that may help predict ADHD risk      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Information available at birth may help to identify children with higher likelihood of developing ADHD, according to new research.

Birth Defects Children's Health Infant's Health Pregnancy and Childbirth
Published

Father's alcohol consumption before conception linked to brain and facial defects in offspring      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Research investigating fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) exclusively examines maternal alcohol exposure. However, because men drink more and are more likely to binge drink than women, scientists set out to challenge the existing dogma, using a mouse model to examine what happens when the mother, father and both parents consume alcohol.

Crohn's Disease
Published

Study sheds light on how IBD can develop      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

A new study could help improve personalized medicine approaches in inflammatory bowel disease by understanding how patients with variants in the PTPN2 gene develop IBD.

Birth Defects
Published

A miniature heart in a petri dish: Organoid emulates development of the human heart      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

A team has induced stem cells to emulate the development of the human heart. The result is a sort of 'mini-heart' known as an organoid. It will permit the study of the earliest development phase of our heart and facilitate research on diseases.